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Key takeaways

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• Human-centered AI will augment the distinctive competencies of your teams

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• Industry-specific and proprietary generative AI looks set to make an impact

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• Rapid pace of AI development might make it time to revise your AI strategy

Artificial intelligence is open for business

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������’t a lot of fun? And right there is why the first half of 2023 has turned into a significant moment in the story of business and technology. ChatGPT’s importance is this: it’s a groundbreaking example of artificial intelligence (AI) which is easy to use — in fact it’s a delight, as the millions of (mainly non-technical) people around the world who have played with it can testify.

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With its simple interface and text input, it shows how AI is now “open for business”, i.e. conveniently interactive and therefore ready to be leveraged by people without a technical background. Anyone with a smartphone or computer can lean on it for help with a range of useful tasks — drafting presentations, calling up information and providing ideas.

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And this points the way to, we believe, a range of exciting new interactive possibilities for AI which businesses are already taking up. The most interesting thing about ChatGPT is not that it’s “generative” – though of course the outputs provide value – but that it’s incredibly easy to use. Look how simple its interface is. It’s human centered, not machine centered.

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Human-centered AI

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Human-centered AI tends to empower AI to augment the work of humans, helping us to collaborate, learn and extend our capabilities. It amplifies and enhances intellectual performance, enabling people to see, think, create, and act with extraordinary clarity. Human-centered AI brings, as Professor Ben Shneiderman : “superhuman capabilities, augmenting human creativity, while raising human performance and self-efficacy."

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Let’s consider what an important change human-centered AI represents at the organizational level. Everyone in a company already has access to help from AI in the form of ChatGPT. More is on the way, including Google’s and generative AI improvements to , and . Meanwhile , and other apps can create images from text prompts, and has announced an app to generate video in the same way. As people get used to these apps and they are refined, they will support increased productivity and efficiency — throughput is likely to get quicker and innovation is likely to benefit. But there’s a deeper and more interesting point to make about human-centered AI.

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Proprietary human-centered AI applications are on the rise. As well as doing what they are specifically designed to do, they give companies a way to invest in the distinctive competencies of their staff. (Examples of distinctive competencies include how Apple’s team create innovative, stylish products that appeal to consumers; or how executives at Walmart are able to manage supply chains efficiently). In a connected global marketplace, where commoditization is a risk, distinctive competencies, in combination with AI, enable a sustainable commercial advantage. Distinctive competency means your teams are doing unique work, which is therefore more valuable, and doing it at speed.

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Next time you bite into an Oreo cookie, you might be chewing on the fruits of this approach. Mondelez International, one of the largest snack companies in the world, has augmented its product development teams with an��AI platform. The teams don’t need data science expertise to use it. Their amplified creativity has yielded amazing results, including faster experimentation and iteration capabilities, leading to better products with reduced time to market.

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Similarly,��Mackmyra, a Swedish whisky company, has supported its experienced tasters with a bespoke AI system to create an award-winning whisky. And we’ve also helped an upmarket consumer goods company to suggest new products for its creative teams to develop, using AI and consumer data generated by its customer-recommendation engine.

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Sometimes, the team that sees its distinctive competencies augmented by human-centered AI might be the company leadership. For instance, we recently helped an��international manufacturing and services company��analyze the sustainability of its entire supply chain, by building an AI simulator that could be accessed on an iPad by its senior team. As they swiped, the firm’s decision-makers found that switching to electric vehicles would be a costly and time-consuming way of reducing emissions. Using organic raw materials and incentivizing customers to choose new, more sustainable products turned out to be more cost-effective and much quicker. (You can find out more about using AI to augment strategic thinking��.)

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Generative AI for industries and companies

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So, some human-centered AI apps are already helping firms amplify and hone their distinctive competencies, leading them to gain potential advantages in their markets. Is generative AI doing the same thing? ChatGPT and any subsequent publicly-accessible generative AI apps add value to business because they are human centric and easy to access — just making ideation and drafting quicker is helpful. But it’s hard to see businesses deriving a sustainable edge on the competition from these apps as things stand.

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One reason is that whatever you’re asking them could also be asked by your competition. And in ChatGPT’s case, if you feed in your own data, it could be used to train the app, so you’re giving away your intellectual property. Another reason is that while the sources used to build large language models like GPT-4 are immense, they may not contain the granular, industry-level detail required to formulate the most useful answers (indeed the detail required may only exist in a company’s proprietary data). ChatGPT, for instance, won’t currently draft legal documents or provide legal advice.

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Industry-specific generative AI apps look set to be the game changer. Already, some legal and professional services firms are integrating��, a generative AI platform for lawyers based on an enhanced version of GPT-4, the large language model used by ChatGPT. The international law firm����announced in February that 3,500 of its lawyers had asked Harvey around 40,000 queries for their day-to-day client work. In March,����announced a partnership with Harvey, adding that it would work with the startup to help clients use it and look to develop and train its own proprietary AI models.

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Industry-specific apps bring the potential for collaboration across and within industries — and indeed, with their potential for pooling the proprietary knowledge of companies, could affect how both ecosystem co-operation and M&A are viewed. Industry-specific apps that segregate company-specific data while offering similar functionality to all customers are likely. We believe the explosion of interest in human-centric, generative AI in early 2023 will accelerate their arrival.

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Building an AI strategy

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Along with powerful new AI tools coming onto the market, big tech is prioritizing AI development, numerous startups are in the fray and expectations of AI are rising. The value of human-centered, easy-to-use AI is becoming clearer, fast. Bill Gates recently����on the tech produced by OpenAI — the company behind ChatGPT and GPT-4: “I knew I had just seen the most important advance in technology since the graphical user interface.”

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Given all this, we believe it makes sense to revisit your company’s AI strategy, or draw one up if you don’t already have one. Here are some ideas that might usefully feed into an AI strategy, whether it’s for generative AI, human-centric AI, or the broader AI piece.

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• Organize an AI task force:��The flourishing of human-centric, accessible AI merits the creation of a multidisciplinary AI task force, including strategy people, software engineers, data scientists, service designers, domain experts and legal, reporting to executive management. Even in companies that already have an AI team or experts embedded across departments, this may be a necessary step. Make sure AI is treated as top priority, not hidden as a subset of your data strategy.

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• Grow your strategic thinking:��What use cases and associated AI capabilities are available to you and how do you want to use them? How could human-centric AI improve access to your company’s collective wisdom and experience? Which teams could it help to support and free up? Identify strategic pillars where AI could help, such as in decision-making by senior teams, customer experience, operations, or driving innovation. Assess which human capabilities it could be used to augment. Spend time scanning for downsides — will over-reliance on generative AI erode some important skills, or let in mistakes? More broadly, could AI mean your market expands, or bring risks to your business model?

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• Take a holistic, people-centered approach:��Leveraging AI gainfully is about much more than building technical capabilities — partnering humans with AI can enhance people's capabilities. How could this change how the company is organized and how it runs? It’s crucial for business leaders, domain experts and technical teams to stay in sync and speak language they all understand.

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• Identify and capitalize on the relevant data:��The AI task force should work to source data that can be used to train AI. For generative AI this might be from contracts, meeting notes, internal reports and company strategies, externally-provided data sets, customer interactions, images, video, audio, news feeds or social media. Consider whether any could be used to create externally-facing industry-specific apps (which may create new value streams). AI depends on accessing data so will be more effective if the underlying data is organized in an efficient and accessible platform. Siloed, poor quality data may go from being an annoyance to a critical business issue.

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• Strengthen governance and oversight:��AI, particularly generative AI, can bring new legal risks that need C-level recognition, for instance around intellectual property, liability for providing incorrect information, and data privacy. Strong communication is needed between legal and tech teams, together with guardrails around AI’s users and use. Understand how mistakes made by AI would be identified and managed. The trade-off for fast, inexpensive content generation needs to be robust quality control.

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• Build an ethical approach, including on emissions:��Research��shows ethical and legal considerations are often disregarded in the design and deployment of AI systems. Understand any risks of bias in the AI you are using, together with uses that could be unethical. Training AI systems can require significant computing power, which means greater emissions. Consider tools to measure and monitor cloud usage, like��.

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• Manage the expectations of your teams:��Many knowledge workers are wondering what AI — and generative AI in particular — might mean for their day-to-day work and the shape of their careers. The CEO and AI task force should work with the comms team to explain its capabilities and dispel hype and science-fiction type fears. Feedback from stakeholders across the company should be encouraged.

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Sparked in part by the launch of ChatGPT — and some other smart product development and marketing by big tech — early 2023 may turn out to be a tipping point for the use of AI in business. Human-centric AI looks set for an increasing role, whether in the form of AI assistants, generative AI, or easy-to-use bespoke applications. Industry-specific and proprietary generative AI apps look likely to make an impact.

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AI for business is now developing at speed, and formulating an AI strategy will help businesses to navigate through the noise to the real business gains.

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Thanks to the following for their contributions to this article: George Earle, Dave Elliman, Emily Gorcenski and David Johnston.

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